benign
英 [bɪ'naɪn] 美 [bɪ'naɪn]
adj.仁慈的；温和的；良性的
◉词源
Benign（良性的、温和的）约于14世纪进入英语，源自拉丁语 benignus（和善的），由 bene-（好）+ genus（种类）组成，字面义为“出身好”。演变过程：从“和善、仁慈”扩展到医学“非恶性的、温和的”（如 benign tumor），并用于描述天气或影响“无害的”。前缀 bene-（好，PIE bʰes- “好”）；词根 gen-（种类、出生，PIE ǵenh₁- “生”）
◉外刊例句
① The New York Times, 2024:
Usually the June and July storms are relatively benign,” said Kerry Emanuel...
通常六月和七月的风暴相对温和，’克里·伊曼纽尔说……
② The New York Times, 2015:
...from the prosaically benign to the concernedly urgent...
……从平淡无奇的良性到令人担忧的紧急情况……
◉ Usage Examples
(1) My mother's character is very benign.
(2) The heat, the bureaucracy, the confusion and complications of his job, had reduced him in seven years to a blob of benign jelly.
(3) The benign weather brought North America a bumper crop.
(4) After tests the tumor was found to be benign.
(1) 我母亲非常慈祥。
(2) 炎热的天气，官僚政治和他工作的错综复杂和混乱，在七个年头里已使他变成一个仁慈的和稀泥老手。
(3) 温和的气候给北美带来大丰收。
(4) 检测发现肿瘤是良性的。
◉ Usage Notes
Someone or something that is benign is gentle, kind, mild, or unharmful: a benign soul wouldn't hurt a fly.
Benign describes a range of qualities, all of them positive. When talking about a person, it means "gentle." In reference to weather or climate, it means "mild." In some other contexts, it simply means "not harmful"; you might speak of "a benign tumor" or "an environmentally benign chemical." The word comes from a Latin root benignus meaning "well born," but the implied meaning is "kind" or "pleasant" — it's hard to get mad at someone who has a benign disposition.
◉柯林斯词典
1. [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]和蔼的；温和的；慈祥的 You use benign to describe someone who is kind, gentle, and harmless. [usu ADJ n]
They are normally a more benign audience...
他们通常观看时比较温和。
Critics of the scheme take a less benign view.
对该方案的批评就没有这么温和了。
benignly
I just smiled benignly and stood back.
我只是和善地笑了笑，站到了后面。
2. [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]没有危害的 A benign substance or process does not have any harmful effects. [usu ADJ n]
We're taking relatively benign medicines and we're turning them into poisons.
我们服的药相对来说药性温和，但是我们却在把它们变成毒药。
3. [ADJ 形容词]（肿瘤）良性的 A benign tumour will not cause death or serious harm. [usu ADJ n] [MEDICAL 医]
It wasn't cancer, only a benign tumour.
这不是癌症，只是良性肿瘤。
4. [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]（条件、环境）良好的，宜人的 Benign conditions are pleasant or make it easy for something to happen. [usu ADJ n]
They enjoyed an especially benign climate...
他们那里的气候非常宜人。
This plunge came in a time of relatively benign economic conditions.
这次大跌出现在相对良好的经济环境下。
5. [PHRASE 短语]不作为；善意忽视；顺其自然 If you describe someone's approach to a problem as one of benign neglect, you disapprove of the fact that they are doing nothing and hoping that the problem will solve itself. [disapproval]
America and Japan have settled back into a policy of benign eglect of their currencies.
美国和日本又回到了不作为货币政策的老路。
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